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9:1 I saw . . . the Lord (see 7:1): God ceased to reveal how or why he would punish Israel; he was now poised to act. • beside the altar: Judgment must begin with the center of worship (cp. 1 Pet 4:17). This altar probably refers to the Bethel shrine, although it could refer to the Temple in Jerusalem.
9:11-12 Amos portrays true worship of God as built around the Jerusalem Temple, with a descendant of David ruling over a united kingdom including both Israel and Judah (cp. Isa 9:6-7; 11:1-5).
9:11-15 As the prophets often did, Amos closes his litany of judgments with a message of hope and restoration. Though Jerusalem and its Temple would be destroyed, David’s line of kings cut off (Ps 89:38-51), and its people taken into captivity, God would restore a remnant of Israel (see also Isa 2:2-4; 4:2; 11:1-5).
9:12 Edom (see 1:11) represents the enemies of God and of Israel (see Isa 34:5-6, 11; 63:1). In the time of restoration, God’s enemies are subject to his people and to God himself. • the nations I have called: God promised Abraham that he would be a blessing to all the people of the earth (Gen 12:2-3). God’s kingdom would embrace the outcasts and foreigners...
9:12 Edom (see 1:11) represents the enemies of God and of Israel (see Isa 34:5-6, 11; 63:1). In the time of restoration, God’s enemies are subject to his people and to God himself. • the nations I have called: God promised Abraham that he would be a blessing to all the people of the earth (Gen 12:2-3). God’s kingdom would embrace the outcasts and foreigners previously excluded (Isa 56; see Acts 8:27-39).
genesis 3:1-24
genesis 10:6-7
genesis 12:2-3
2 kings 16:9
psalms 74:14
psalms 89:9-10
psalms 89:10
psalms 89:38-51