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12:1 Michael was Israel’s patron angel (cp. 10:13, 21; Rev 2:1, 8, 12). • the book: This is possibly the Book of Truth (Dan 10:21; cp. 7:10). • will be rescued: All previous rescues of God’s people in Daniel (e.g., 3:28; 6:27) had foreshadowed, and now culminated in, the resurrection from the dead (12:2-3).
12:11-12 the sacrilegious object that causes desecration: See 8:13-14, 23-26; 11:29-35. See also study note on 9:27. • God’s people must wait and remain faithful when the events of the end come. • 1,290 days . . . 1,335 days: Some interpreters see these numbers as relating to specific events in the reign of Antiochus IV Epiphanes. Others see them as purely s...
12:11-12 the sacrilegious object that causes desecration: See 8:13-14, 23-26; 11:29-35. See also study note on 9:27. • God’s people must wait and remain faithful when the events of the end come. • 1,290 days . . . 1,335 days: Some interpreters see these numbers as relating to specific events in the reign of Antiochus IV Epiphanes. Others see them as purely symbolic. The number 1,290 equals 43 lunar months of 30 days each, which is approximately 3½ years in the solar calendar. This might represent the final half of the final “set of seven” (9:27). The number 1,335 might represent simply an extra 45 days of waiting until the end. Those who endure the whole time, and then some, will see God act on behalf of his people.
12:13 Daniel died before the final end, but he knew that he would rise again! Here, the end refers to that time when even the dead rise (12:1-3) and the everlasting Kingdom of God Most High is established.
12:1-7 At that time, the time of the end, God will rescue his people and defeat every enemy—even death.
genesis 2:25
genesis 3:7
numbers 35:30
deuteronomy 19:15
job 7:6-21
job 19:25-27
psalms 6:5
psalms 12:1-3
Resurrection in the Old Testament
Resurrection in the Old Testament Many Old Testament passages suggest that the realm of the dead is a place from which people do not return (see, e.g., Job 7:6-21; Ps 6:5; Isa 38:18-19). Yet some passages do seem to hint at the notion of resurrection (see, e.g., Job 19:25-27; Ps 16:10-11; Isa 26:19). Daniel 12:1-3 clearly teaches that the dead will be resurrected, and Daniel was told that he would be raised in this resurrection (12:13). Belief in the resurrection of the dead became more widespread during the intertestamental period, as evidenced by the popularity of this notion in the time of Jesus. According to this passage from Daniel, the resurrection will not be the same for all people. Two distinct groups of people will be raised: (a) those resurrected to experience new life and (b) those resurrected to experience shame. These two groups are distinguished by moral, ethical, and spiritual characteristics. The resurrection will unveil the true nature of a person, and there will be an ethical and spiritual accounting to God Most High. The first group will experience a new existence called “everlasting life.” The expression is found only here in the Old Testament, and it...