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14:12 This guilt offering (sometimes called the “penalty offering” or “reparation offering”) was offered because the unclean person living outside the camp could not bring sacrifices, tithes, and offerings during the period of uncleanness (see 5:14-16).
14:1-32 These verses, dealing with the purification of infected individuals, are best understood when read in conjunction with 13:1-46.
14:14 The lobe, thumb, and big toe represent what the whole person hears and does, and where he or she goes (also 14:17, 28; see study note on 8:23).
14:15-17 In the ancient world, olive oil was commonly used to aid healing (see Isa 1:6; Luke 10:34). Its use here might symbolize the healing and cleansing of the infection, which allowed the person to return to the community. Perhaps it also represented restored union between God, the priest, and the worshiper.
exodus 12:22
exodus 21:13
exodus 24:6-8
leviticus 1:4
leviticus 1:9
leviticus 1:13
leviticus 4:2-3
leviticus 5:7-13
Clean, Unclean, and Holy
Clean, Unclean, and Holy The rites and regulations establishing cleanness and uncleanness were to distinguish Israel from the surrounding nations. To understand a rationale behind these regulations, one suggestion has been that unclean things are associated with death or the ground (see, e.g., Lev 21:1, 11; 22:8). Recent studies, however, suggest the principle of “normalcy.” God is a God of order. Things that are normal in God’s order are called “clean” and are “permitted.” Abnormal things would be unfit for food or offerings and would be “unclean.” A normal land animal would be a vegetarian (see Gen 1:30). A normal human body would have no infections or discharges. A normal piece of cloth would have no mildew on it. If abnormalities occurred, the animal, person, or cloth was unclean. What is unclean is not sinful but represents a kind of unworthiness that cannot come in contact with what is holy (e.g., Lev 11:44-45). If it is cleansed, it acquires the potential for holiness; it may be dedicated to God and become holy. If what is holy (such as the Sabbath) is treated like something common, God is blasphemed and the thing is profaned. If what is clean becomes unclean, it is de...