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Leviticus 16 (NIV)

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Leviticus 16 (NIV)
Commentary 1 source group
Tyndale Commentary 4 notes
TyndaleStudyNotes

Lev.16.1-34

16:1-34 The Day of Atonement, the tenth day of the seventh month (see 16:29; 23:27; Num 29:7), was the most solemn day of the year for Israelites. It was the only required fast, and it was a Sabbath of rest for all the people (Lev 23:32). Introduced by the Festival of Trumpets (Num 29:1, 7-11), it was the day when the corporate sins of the community were ato...

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16:1-34 The Day of Atonement, the tenth day of the seventh month (see 16:29; 23:27; Num 29:7), was the most solemn day of the year for Israelites. It was the only required fast, and it was a Sabbath of rest for all the people (Lev 23:32). Introduced by the Festival of Trumpets (Num 29:1, 7-11), it was the day when the corporate sins of the community were atoned for. Only the high priest (Aaron) could officiate, because only he could represent all the people, including other priests (Aaron’s sons). The Day of Atonement is celebrated today as Yom Kippur.

Tyndale Open Resources - CC BY-SA 4.0
TyndaleStudyNotes

Lev.16.16

16:16 The high priest needed to purify the Most Holy Place and the rest of the Tabernacle because, over the course of the year, the sins the Israelites had committed had brought uncleanness on the whole sanctuary. If the Tabernacle was to remain the place for meeting God in the coming year, it had to be purified. The same applied to the altar (16:18).

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Lev.16.2

16:2 An inner curtain separated the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place. Conceptually, the sanctuary was God’s palace, the Most Holy Place was his throne room, and the Ark was his throne (see 1:1). In the ancient Near East, entering the presence of a king without invitation meant risking death (Esth 4:11). The Most Holy Place, therefore, was not a place that...

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16:2 An inner curtain separated the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place. Conceptually, the sanctuary was God’s palace, the Most Holy Place was his throne room, and the Ark was his throne (see 1:1). In the ancient Near East, entering the presence of a king without invitation meant risking death (Esth 4:11). The Most Holy Place, therefore, was not a place that Aaron could enter casually. It was off-limits even to the high priest, except when his presence was required by God as part of the ritual of the Day of Atonement.

Tyndale Open Resources - CC BY-SA 4.0
TyndaleStudyNotes

Lev.16.23-24

16:23-24 For this ceremony, the high priest had to put on special clothing (16:4), which he used for no other purpose. When the ceremony concluded, he was to leave the garments in the Most Holy Place. Many scholars believe that the bathing and changes of clothing were necessary because handling the sin offering brought defilement.

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Cross Reference8 items
TyndaleCross References

exodus 25:17-22

exodus 25:17-22

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exodus 30:10-16

exodus 30:10-16

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leviticus 1:1

leviticus 1:1

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leviticus 1:1-17

leviticus 1:1-17

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leviticus 4:1-13

leviticus 4:1-13

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leviticus 4:1-7

leviticus 4:1-7

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leviticus 4:3-21

leviticus 4:3-21

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leviticus 4:4-35

leviticus 4:4-35

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Dictionary & Themes1 item
TyndaleTheme Notes

Atonement

Atonement

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Atonement Leviticus 16 describes the Day of Atonement. On this day, the high priest presented the sins of the community to the Lord. Worshiping a holy God requires atonement, the removal of any uncleanness or sin that stands in the way. God’s grace permitted the death of an animal to be accepted in exchange for the sinner’s life. In the atoning offerings, the sacrifice represented the life of the worshiper: The animal was sacrificed so that the worshiper might live. God designated the blood of the sacrifice—blood represents life—as the means of atonement (Lev 17:11). Atonement provides both expiation and propitiation. Expiation is the payment of what is owed. For example, the guilt offering (5:14–6:7) involves damages or loss to property, and the loss must be repaid with a 20 percent surcharge. Propitiation, on the other hand, involves appeasing or pacifying an offended party. For example, the whole burnt offering (1:1-17) and the sin offering (4:1–5:13) require no discernable payment of a debt. In the atoning sacrifices, the act of laying hands on the victim (4:4-35; 16:21) indicates identification of the worshiper with the animal being sacrificed. The blood, representing...

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